夜鶯頌 濟慈(查良錚譯)
My heart aches, and a drowsy numbnesspains我的心在痛,困頓和麻木
My sense, as though of hemlock I haddrunk,刺進了感官有如飲過毒鴆
Or emptied some dull opiate to thedrains又像是剛把鴉片吞服
One minute past, and Lethe-wards hadsunk:於是向列斯忘川下沉
'Tis not through envy of thy happylot,并不是我忌妒你的好運
But being too happy in thine happiness--而是你的快樂使我太歡欣--
That thou, light winged Dryad of thetrees,因為在林間嘹亮的天地里
In some melodiousplot你呵,輕翅的仙靈
Of beechen green, and shadowsnumberless,你躲進山毛櫸的蔥綠和蔭影
Singest of summer in full-throatedease.放開了歌喉,歌唱著夏季
O, for a draught of vintage! that hathbeen唉,要是有一口酒,那冷藏
Cooled a long age in the deep-delvedearth,在地下多年的清醇飲料
Tasting of Flora and the countrygreen,一嘗就令人想起綠色之邦
Dance, and Provencal song, and sunburntmirth! 想起花神,戀歌,陽光和舞蹈
O for a beaker full of the warmSouth,要是有一杯南國的溫暖
Full of the true, the blushfulHippocrene,充滿了鮮紅的靈感之泉
With beaded bubbles winking at thebrim,杯緣明滅著珍珠的泡沫
And purple-stainedmouth,給嘴唇染上紫斑
That I may drink, and leave the worldunseen,我要一飲而盡而悄然離開塵寰
And with thee fade away into the forestdim.和你同去幽暗的林中隱沒
Fade far away, dissolve, and quiteforget遠遠地,遠遠隱沒,讓我忘掉
What thou amongst the leaves hast neverknown, 你在樹葉間從不知道的一切
The weariness, the fever, and thefret忘記這疲勞,熱病,和焦躁
Here, where men sit and hear each othergroan; 這使人對坐而悲嘆的世界
Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last greyhairs. 在這里,青春,蒼白,削瘦,死亡
Where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, anddies; 而癱瘓有幾根白發(fā)在搖擺
Where nut to think is to be full ofsorrow在這里,稍一思索就充滿了
And leaden-eyeddespairs;憂傷和灰暗的絕望
Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrouseyes,而美保持不住明眸的光彩
Or new Love pine at them beyondto-morrow.新生的愛情活不到明天就枯凋
Away! away! for I will fly tothee,去吧!去吧!我要朝你飛去
Not charioted by Bacchus and hispards,不用和酒神坐文豹的車駕
But on the viewless wings ofPoesy,我要展開詩歌底無形的羽翼
Though the dull brain perplexes andretards.盡管這頭腦已經(jīng)困頓,疲乏
Already with thee! tender is thenight,去了,我已經(jīng)和你同往
And haply the Queen-Moon is on herthrone,夜這般溫柔,月后正登上寶座
Clustered around by all her starryFays;周圍是侍衛(wèi)她的一群星星
But here there is nolight,但這兒不甚明亮
Save what from heaven is with the breezesblown 除了有一線天光,被微風(fēng)帶過
Through verduous glooms and winding mossyways. 蔥綠的幽暗和蘚苔的曲徑
I cannot se what flowers are at myfeet,我看不出是哪種花在腳旁
Nor what soft incense hangs upon theboughs,什麼清香的花掛在樹枝上
But, in embalmed darkness, guess eachsweet在溫馨的幽暗理,我只能猜想
Wherewith the seasonable monthendows這時令該把哪種芬芳
The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild-- 賦予這果樹,林莽和草叢
White hawthorn, and the pastoraleglantine;這白枳花,和田野的玫瑰
Fast fading violets covered up inleaves;這綠葉堆中易凋謝的紫羅蘭
And mid-May's eldestchild,還有五月中旬的嬌寵
The coming musk-rose, full of dewywine,這綴滿了露酒的麝香薔薇
The murmurous haunt of flies on summereves.它成了夏夜蚊蚋嗡營的港灣
Darkling I listen; and for many atime我在黑暗中里傾聽,多少次
I have been half in love with easefulDeath,我?guī)缀鯋凵狭遂o謐的死亡
Called him soft names in many a musedrhyme,我在詩思里用盡了我言辭
To take into the air my quietbreath;求他把我的一息散入空茫
Now more than ever seems it rich todie,而現(xiàn)在,死更是多麼的富麗
To cease upon the midnight with nopain,在午夜里溘然魂離人間
While thou art pouring forth thy soulabroad當(dāng)你正傾瀉你的心懷
In such anecstasy!發(fā)出這般的狂喜
Still wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain-- 你仍將歌唱,但我卻不再聽
To thy high requiem become asod.你的莽歌只能唱給泥草一塊
Thou wast not born for death, immortalBird!永生的鳥,你不會死去
No hungry generations tread theedown;餓的世代無法將你蹂躪
The voice I hear this passing night easheard今夜,我偶然聽到的歌曲
In ancient days by emperor andclown:當(dāng)使古代的帝王和村夫喜悅
Perhaps the self-same song that found apath或許這同樣的歌也曾激蕩
Through the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home,露絲憂郁的心,使她不禁落淚
She stood in tears amid the aliencorn;站在異邦的谷田里想著家
The same that oft-timeshath就是這聲音常常
Charmed magic casements, opening on thefoam在失掉了的仙域里引動窗扉
Of perilous seas, in faery landsforlorn.一個美女望著大海險惡的浪花
Forlorn! the very word is like abell失掉了,這句話好比一聲鐘
To toll me back from thee to my soleself!使我猛省到我站腳的地方
Adieu! the fancy cannot cheat sowell別了!幻想,這騙人的妖童
As she is famed to do, deceivingelf.不能老耍弄它盛傳的伎倆
Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthemfades別了!別了!你怨訴的歌聲
Past the near meadows, over the stillstream,流過草坪,越過幽靜的溪水
Up the hill-side; and now 'tis buried deep溜上山坡,而此時它正深深
In the nextvalley-glades:埋在附近的溪谷中
Was is a vision, or a wakingdream?這是個幻覺,還是夢寐
Fled is that music -- Do I wake orsleep?那歌聲去了-我是睡?是醒?
作者簡介
濟慈(1795—1821),19世紀(jì)英國著名浪漫主義詩人。生于倫敦一個馬夫家庭。由于家境貧困,詩人不滿16歲就離校學(xué)醫(yī),當(dāng)學(xué)徒。1816年,他棄醫(yī)從文,開始詩歌創(chuàng)作。1817年詩人出版第一本詩集。1818年,他根據(jù)古希臘美麗神話寫成的《安狄米恩》問世。此后詩人進入詩歌創(chuàng)作的鼎盛時期,先后完成了《伊莎貝拉》、《圣亞尼節(jié)前夜》、《許佩里恩》等著名長詩,還有最膾炙人口的《夜鶯頌》、《希臘古甕頌》、《秋賦》等詩歌。也是在1818年,詩人愛上了范妮·布恩小姐,同時詩人的身體狀況也開始惡化。在痛苦、貧困和甜蜜交織的狀況下,詩人寫下了大量的著名詩篇。1821年,詩人前往意大利休養(yǎng),不久病情加重,年僅25歲就離開了人世。
名作賞析
1818年,濟慈23歲。那年,詩人患上了肺癆,同時詩人還處于和范妮·布恩小姐的熱戀中。正如詩人自己說的,他常常想的兩件事就是愛情的甜蜜和自己死去的時間。在這樣的情況下,詩人情緒激昂,心中充滿著悲憤和對生命的渴望。在一個深沉的夜晚,在濃密的樹枝下,在鳥兒嘹亮的歌聲中,詩人一口氣寫下了這首8節(jié)80多行的《夜鶯頌》。
相傳,夜鶯會死在月圓的晚上。在凄美而朦朧的月光中,夜鶯會飛上最高的玫瑰枝,將玫瑰刺深深地刺進自己的 胸膛,然后發(fā)出高亢的聲音,大聲歌唱,直到心中的血流盡,將花枝上的玫瑰染紅。詩的題目雖然是“夜鶯頌”,但是,詩中基本上沒有直接描寫夜鶯的詞,詩人主要是想借助夜鶯這個美麗的形象來抒發(fā)自己的感情。
詩人的心是困頓和麻木的,又在那樣的濁世。這時候詩人聽到了夜鶯的嘹亮歌唱,如同令人振奮的神靈的呼聲。詩人的心被這樣的歌聲感染著,詩人的心同樣也為現(xiàn)實的污濁沉重打擊著。詩人向往那森林繁茂,樹陰斑駁、夜鶯歡唱的世界。他渴望飲下美妙的醇香美酒,愿意在這樣的世界里隱沒,愿意舍棄自己困頓、疲乏和痛苦的身體,詩人更愿意離開這污濁的社會。這是一個麻木的現(xiàn)實,人們沒有思想,因為任何的思索都會帶來灰色的記憶和憂傷的眼神。詩人聽著夜鶯曼妙的歌聲,不再感覺到自己身體的存在,早已魂離人間。
夜色溫柔地向四方擴散,月亮悄悄地爬上枝頭,但林中仍然幽暗昏沉;微風(fēng)輕吹,帶領(lǐng)著詩人通過暗綠色的長廊和幽微的曲徑。曲徑通幽,詩人仿佛來到了更加美妙的世界,花朵錯落有致地開放著,裝點著香氣彌漫的五月。詩人并不知道這些花的名稱,但詩人感受著心靈的啟發(fā),隨著夜鶯的指引,感受著深沉而寧靜的世界。詩人沉醉在這樣的世界里,渴望著生命的終結(jié),盼著夜鶯帶著自己在這樣的世界里常駐。
這樣的歌聲將永生,這樣的歌聲已經(jīng)在過去,在富麗堂皇的宮殿,在農(nóng)民的茅屋上唱了很多年。這樣的歌聲仍將唱下去,流過草坪和田野,在污濁的人世喚醒沉睡的人們。詩人深深陶醉在這如夢如幻的境界中,全然不知道自己是在睡著還是在醒著。
詩歌具有強烈的浪漫主義特色,用美麗的比喻和一瀉千里的流利語言表達了詩人心中強烈的思想感情和對自由世界的深深向往。從這首詩中,我們能很好體會到后人的評論:英國浪漫主義詩歌在濟慈那里達到了完美。
第七小組 厲莉
愛華網(wǎng)



