愛華網(wǎng)
正東方教育輔導(dǎo)專題講與練
七年級可數(shù)名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)練習（附加：名詞單數(shù)面復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則）
一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別
普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個數(shù)計算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞。
可數(shù)名詞分為個體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個體，如
worker, farmer,desk, factory等)
集體名詞(表示作為一個整體來看的一群人或一些事物，如
people, family等)。
如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個數(shù)來計算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。
不可數(shù)名詞分為
物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange等)
抽象名詞(表示動作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念，如
work, homework,time, health, friendship等)。
二、關(guān)于可數(shù)名詞
可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個人或一件事物時，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個或多個人或事物時用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下：
1.一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如：
book → books room→ rooms
house → housesday → days
2.以s, ss, ch, sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es。但是有些以o結(jié)尾的外來詞或縮寫詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s,另外如果字母o前面是元音字母也只加s。
piano-->pianos(外來詞，fromItalian)
photo-->photos(fromgreece)
bamboo-->bamboos(結(jié)尾的o前面是元音字母o）
cameo-->cameos（元音字母e）
bus→busesglass → glasses
watch →watches
dish→ dishes box → boxes
3.以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞，要先將y改為i再加-es。如：
city →cities body →bodies
factory →factories等等。
boy→boys
play→plays
4.以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如：
half →halvesleaf → leaves
knife →knives wife →wives
5.特例，特例常?？迹涀?。
①child → children
②man → men woman → women
policeman → policemen
(規(guī)律：man →men)
?、踭omato → tomatoes
potato → potatoes
注意： 初中英語以o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時只有這兩個詞加-es，其余的當然加-s嘍！如：photo → photos ]以O(shè)結(jié)尾的單詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，有生命的加es,無生命的加s.
如：photo,zoo,為無生命的，＋s
tomato,potato為有生命的，＋es.
?、躥oot → feet tooth →teeth
注意：oo變成ee。]
⑤sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形
注意：變復(fù)數(shù)時詞形不變。]
?、辮eople單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，要求謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)； people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指“多個民族”。
6.集體名詞：表示一群人或物的名詞叫集體名詞。為便于弄清其特點，我們不妨把它們分為表示無生命的物的“類”和表示主要是由人構(gòu)成的“群”的集體名詞。
⑴表示“類”的集體名詞，常見的有
Clothing、furniture、baggage/luggage、jewelry、traffic、information、machinery、merchandise、produce、scenery
①形式上總是單數(shù)，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。The old machinery is out ofdate.
②不可直接與a（n）或數(shù)詞連用。表數(shù)量時用much，little，some，a piece of，an article of等：Eachroom has five pieces of furniture.
③若需用代詞，用單數(shù)代詞：Do you want to see my jewelry?It is in thebox.
⑵表示“群”的集體名詞常見的有
1.People、police、cattle、poultry、vermin、clergy、militia、crew；
以上的單詞做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)：Thepolice are looking for him
2.amily、class、team、government、crowd、committee、jury、party、firm、couple、board、group、gang、enemy、union、audience、public、mankind、humanity、youth
以上的詞把若集體當作一個整體時，用作單數(shù)；若考慮構(gòu)成這些集體的各個成員時，看作復(fù)數(shù)。
My family is alarge one.我的家庭是個大家庭
My family are allworkers.我家里人都是工人
注意：把一個集體名詞看作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，要注意前后一致。如：
The team isfamous for its(不能用their) longhistory.該對以歷史悠久而聞名。
三、關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞
1.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)，當它作句子的主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
如：The food isvery fresh. 食品很新鮮。
2.有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。
如：water (水) →waters (水域)
orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)
people（人）→peoples（民族）
3.很多不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時為不可數(shù)，表示種類時就可數(shù)，但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。
如：fruit →fruitsfood → foods
fish → fisheshair → hairs
四、名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)“六注意”
1、可數(shù)名詞是可以用來計數(shù)的名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：desk-desks,apple-apples等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來計數(shù)的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有單數(shù)形式。如：some bread， alittle milk等。
2、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，前面要用不定冠詞a(an)，表示特指時，前面要用定冠詞the;而不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾，表示特指時，前面一定要用定冠詞the。如：
Heis a factory worker. 他是一名工人。
Noone can see air. 沒有人能看見空氣。
3、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some,any, a lot of, lots of 等來修飾，表示"一些，許多"。如：
There are someoranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。
There is a lot ofwater in the bottle. 瓶里有許多水。
4、可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來表示具體的數(shù)量。如：twoapples, four books等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用"單位詞+of"來表示數(shù)量。如： a piece of paper,three pieces of paper等。
5、可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。如：
This picture isvery beautiful. 這幅畫很美。
不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)"單位詞"時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
There are twocups of tea on the table. 桌上有兩杯茶。
6、對可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用howmany; 對不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how much。 如：
How many applesare there in the box?盒子里有多少個蘋果？
How much tea isthere in the cup?杯里有多少茶水？
注意：對不可數(shù)名詞前的"單位詞"的修飾語提問時，疑問詞用howmany。 如：
How many piecesof bread are there on the plate?盤子里有多少片面包？
單復(fù)數(shù)同形：
deer鹿 means 手段，方法
sheep 羊，綿羊 series 連續(xù)，系列
fish 魚 species 種類
Chinese 漢語(單），中國人（復(fù)） works 工廠；作品
ethics 倫理學(xué)（單）；道德行為（復(fù)） statistics統(tǒng)計學(xué)（單）；數(shù)據(jù)（復(fù)）
名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，其中可數(shù)名詞具有單復(fù)數(shù)的形式；而不可數(shù)名詞沒有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下：
1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches
3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives
5.以o結(jié)尾，有生命的加es, 無生命的加s. 如：potato-potatoes.zoo-zoos
6．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：
man-men,woman-women,
policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet,.tooth-teeth,
fish-fish,sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,
當people后加上s時即peoples表示“民族”例如
There are 56peoples in China.
以下詞為常為不可數(shù)名詞，他們的復(fù)數(shù)形式就是他們本身。water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米飯)orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）
不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量關(guān)系可借助量詞表示，如。acup of tea two cups of tea
一．用所給名詞的正確形式填空。
1.I have two_____ (knife)
2.There are many _____ here. (box)
3.There are many _____ on the road. (bus)
4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5.The _____ are playing football now. (child)1．Look at those _______.(child)
6.Ican see a _______ standing near the door.(policeman)
7．Doyou want some ________ for dinner? (potato)
8 Inautumn, you can see a lot of _______ on theground.(leaf)
9．Hehas two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.(box)
10．Two ________ live in this building .( family )
11．There are so many________(wolf)in theforest.
12．There are three ______(chair) in the classroom.
13.These_______(tomato) are red.
14.______(hero) aregreat.
15.My brother looksafter two ______(baby)
16.There are some______(deer) eating the grass.
17.My father likesto eat_______(potato).
18.Chinese______(people)like to eat noodles.
19.Ihave a lot of ______(toy) in mybedroom.
20.Ihelp my mother wash _____(dish) in the kitchen.
21Ihave two ______(pencil-box).
22.There are some______(bus)in the street.
23.Peter has eight_____(foot).
24.Lindahas three _______(tooth).
25.There are some______(child) in the garden.
26.Michael likesthe ______(mouse).
27.There are some______(goose)in theriver.
28.My uncle andfather are _____(man).
29.Tom and King are_____(boy).
30.Linda has three______(tooth).
二．選擇填空
1．Theycome from different______
A.countryB.countriesC. a countryD.countrys
2.How many ______ do you see in thepicture?
A. tomatosB.tomatoes C.tomatoD.the tomato
3. Thereare_____ birds in that big tree.
A. hundreds ofB. fivehundreds of
C. five hundred ofD.hundred of
4.There are some ______ in these _______.
A.knifes…pencil-boxesB.knives…pencils-box
C.knives…pencil-boxD.knives…pencils-boxes
5._______are good for our health.
A.TomatosB.TomatoesC. Tomato
6.I like to eat cake with______.
7. A.cherriesB.cherryC.cherrys
8.______ and ______ are notfriends.
A.Foxs…wolfsB.Foxes…wolfsC.Foxes…wolves
8.Do you want to drink______much?
A、amilkB、milkC、milks
9.This isroom.It’s very big.
A、Lily andLucy’s
B、Lily’s andLucy’s
C、Lily’s and Lucy
10.Do you want some______forsupper?
A、apotatoB、potatoesC、potatos
11.Inautumn，you can see a lot of___ on theground.
A、leafB、leafsC、leaves
12.Mysister has two ___. One is old，the other isnew.
A、awatchB、watchsC、watches
13.There______on the wall .They arevery beautiful.
A. are photoesB. arephotos
C. is aphotoD. is photos
14.That’s_____art book.
A.anB. aC.theDare
15.There______two______inthe box.
A. is, watchB. are,watchesC. are,watchD. is, watches
16.There is no______ in theplate.
A.applesB.orangesC.rice D. Eggs
鞏固練習——寫出下列詞對應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式（注意：不可數(shù)名詞不變，單復(fù)數(shù)同形的要寫出來）
1.I_______2.him______3.this ________4.her________ 5.wash_____
6.child______7.photo______8.diary______9.day________10.foot______
11.book______12. dress _______13.month______14.sheep_____15.box_______
16.strawberry___17.thief______18.peach______19.sandwich____ 20.man______
21.woman_____22.paper______23.juice_____24.water_______25.milk______
26.rice_______27.tea_______28.leaf______29.puppy_____ _30. wish___
31.knife_______ 32. fly______33.fox_____ 34.bus________35. bench____
_36.brush_____37.church_____38.dish_____39.ruler______40.party_____
41.glass_____42.pencil______43.boy______44.zoo______45.man_____
46. roof_______47.shop_____48.life_____49.lady________50.key______
51.side______52.watch______53.bamboo____54.city______55.family____
56.apple_______57.eraser_____58.speech______59.mouse_____60.fish_____
61.goose_______62. people_____63.ox_____64. mouth______ 65.deer_____
66.friend______67.library_____68.oth_______69.hero______70.boss______
71.donkey______ 72.radio_______73. horse _____ 74. dog_______ 75monkey___
76text________ 77 Chinese____78Japanese___ 79. factory_____80.half______
81.German______82.country_____83.toy_______84. pear_________85. test______
86.army_______87. hour_______88.__________89. dinosaur _____90.Italian____
91. inventor___92.musician____93.scientist____94.accident______95.pear______
96.professor____97.shelf________98.season____99.trip_________100. play______
四、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
1、orange2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano
6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country10、family
11、toy12、foot13、Japanese14、radio15、photo
16、army_17、tomato___18、fox19、woman20、knife
練習題
一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
1、orangeoranges2、classclasses
3、texttexts4、monkeymonkeys
5、pianopianos6、child children
7、shelfshelves8、bedbeds
9、countrycontries10、familyfamilies
11、toytoies12、footfeet
13、JapaneseJapanese14、radio
15、photophotos16、armyarmies
17、tomato tomatoes18、fox foxes
19、womanwomen20、knifeknives
22、sheepsheep
二、選擇填空
1、Thereon the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. arephotoesB. are photos
C. is aphotoD. is photos
2. Thiscarmade in Shanghai.
A.isB.areC.wereD .has
3. There arefourandtwoin the group.
A. Japanese,Germen B.Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese,GermanC. Japanese, Germans
4.That’sart book.
A.anB.aC.theD are
5.The boys havegotalready.
A. twobread B. twobreads
C. two pieces of bread D. twopiece of bread
6.The old manwants.
A. six boxes of apples B. sixboxes of apple
C. six box ofapplesD. six boxs of apples
7.Theresomein the river.
A. is, fish B. are,fishes C. is, fishes D. are,fish
8.Theretwoin the box.
A. is, watch B. are, watches C. are, watch D. is,watches
9.We shouldcleantwice a day.
A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D. our teeth
10.The _____meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’ D.teachers
11.In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letterboxesB.letters boxes
C. letterboxD.letters box
