實用高中英語短語與句型詞典
impress
1. impress sb as… 給某人的印象是……。如:
He impressed me as an honestman. 他給我的印象是很老實。
She impressed me as a woman of greatkindness. 在我的印象中,她是一位非常仁慈的女性。
注:該句型中 as后的情況指的通常是句子主語,而不是impress后的賓語。如:
She impressed me as being very rude.
正:在我的印象中,她很粗魯。
誤:她對我的印象是我很粗魯。
2. impress sb with sth
(1) 某事給某人留下深刻印象。如:
He impressed me with hiscourage. 他的勇敢給我留下了很深的印象。
They impressed us with theirperformance. 他們的精彩表演給我們留下了很深的印象。
注:有時用 sb is impressed with [by, at] sth這樣的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。如以下各句也可說成:
I was impressed with [by, at] hiscourage.
We were impressed with [by, at] theirperformance.
(2) 使某人銘記某事物,向某人強調(diào)某事物。如:
I will impress you with onething. 我向你強調(diào)一件事。
He impressed me with the importanceof work. 他要我銘記工作的重要性。
注:該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用 impress sth on sb / impress on sbsth表示。如以上兩句也可說成:
I will impress one thing on you.
He impressed the importance of workon me. / He impressed
on me the importance of work.
3. impress sth on [upon] sth 把某物印在某物上。如:
He impressed his name on thebox. 他把自己的名字印在盒子上。
His words are strongly impressed onmy memory. 他的話深深印在我的記憶里。
impression
1. beunder the impression 認為,以為。如:
We were under the impression thatthey were brothers. 我們認為他們是兄弟。
He was under the impression that sheliked him. 他以為她喜歡他。
注:不要類似于 in one’s opinion 而說 in one’s impression這樣的短語,后者不合英語習慣。
2. givesb an impression 給某人留下印象。如:
He gave her a good impression.他給她留下了很好的印象。
She gave me the impression of a nicegirl. 她給我印象的印象是,她是個不錯的女孩。
3. have[get] the impression 有……的印象,記得,認為。如:
I have [get] the impression that hedoesn’t smoke. 我記得他不抽煙。
Everyone had the [an] impression thatshe was a goodmatch for the young man. 每個人都認為她和那個年輕人是天造地設的一對。
4. makean impression on sb (sth) 給某人留下印象,對某人(某事物)起作用。如:
He made a good (bad) impression onthe teacher. 他給老師留下了很好(很壞)的印象。
The rain made little impression onthe dry fields. 這場雨對干旱的田地沒起什么作用。
注:有時用動詞 leave。如:
The book left [made] a deepimpression on him. 這本書給他留下了深刻的印象。
5. Whatare you impressions about [of]……你對……的看法如何? 如:
What are you impressions about [of]Shanghai? 我覺得上海如何?
What are you first impressions about[of] our school? 我對我們學校的第一印象是什么?
improve
1. improve in sth 在某一方面有所改進。如:
He is improving in health.他的健康狀況正在好轉(zhuǎn)。
比較:His health is improving.
2. improve on [upon] 對……改進,比……更好。如:
I’m unable to improve on hissuggestion. 我提不出比他更好的建議了。
He has never improved on his firstbook. 他再也沒有寫出他的處女作更好的書來。
比較以下各組句子:
He has improved her poem.他已經(jīng)修改了她的詩。
He has improved on her poem.他寫的一首詩比她的詩更好。
The poem cannot be improved.這首詩沒有什么可改的地方。
This poem cannot be improvedon. 這首詩已經(jīng)夠好了,再也寫不出比這更好的了。
in
2. indoing sth 在……時,在做……的過程中。如:
In doing this, we can improve ourEnglish. 我們這樣做時,可以提高我們的英語水平。
You should be very careful inlistening to the teacher. 你在聽老師講課時,應當很仔細。
2. inthat因為,既然。如:
He didn’t come in that he wasill. 他因病未來。
In that he killed the man, he was amurderer. 他既然殺了這個人,他就是兇手。
include
1. include doing sth 包括做某事。如:
My job doesn’t include making coffeefor the boss. 我的工作不包括給老板沖咖啡。
Your duties will include putting thechildren to bed. 你的職責包括照顧孩子就寢。
2. including sth (sb) 包括某人(事物)在內(nèi)。如:
We all went including me.所有人都去了,包括我在內(nèi)。
Price $10,including postage.定價10美元,包括郵資。
注:該表達也可說成 sth (sth) included, 所以以上兩句也可說成:
We all went me included.
Price $10, postage included.
increase
1. increase by 增加(了多少)。如:
The number increased by 1000.數(shù)目增加了1000。
The population of the city hasincreased by 20 per cent. 這個城市的人口增加了百分之二十。
注:該結(jié)構(gòu)中的 increase 是動詞,若是用作名詞,一般與介詞of 連用。所以以上各句也可說成:
The number had an increase of 1000.
The population of the city shows anincrease of20 percent.
2. increase in sth 在某一方面增長。如:
Studnests have increased innumber. 學生人數(shù)增加了。
There has been a big increase in roadaccidents. 交通事故增加了很多。
注:該表達中的 increase 可用作動詞和名詞。
3. increase to 增加到……。如:
His salary has increased to$3000. 他的工資已增加到3000 美元。
The number of the students increasedto 2000. 學生人數(shù)增加到了2000人。
4. ontheincrease在不斷增加。如:
World population is on theincrease. 世界人口正在增加。
Crime in some big cities is on theincrease. 一些大城市的犯罪率在不斷增加。
insist
1. insist on [upon] (doing) sth
(1) 堅持主張某事,堅持要做某事,堅決要求(做)某事。如:
He insisted onthis point.他堅持這一點。
He insisted on seeing us home.他一定要送我們回家。
I insist on your [you] take immediateaction. 我堅決要求你立即采取行動。
(2) 堅持說某情況,堅持認為某情況。如:
I insisted on my correctness.我堅持認為我是正確的。
She kept insisting on herinnocence. 她堅持說她是清白的。
注:suggest 后不直接動名詞(即其中的on, upon 不能省略),也不能直接不定式或不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。所以不說:
誤:I insist (him) going.
誤:I insist (him) to go.
2. insist that-clause
(1) 堅持要做某事。如:
注:用于此義時,從句所指的通常是尚未成為現(xiàn)實的情況,所以從句謂語通常用“(should)+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣形式。
I insisted that he (should)go. 我一定要他去。
She insisted that I (should) stay forsupper. 他一定要我留下吃晚飯。
(2) 堅持認為(說)某情況。如:
I insisted (that) he waswrong. 我堅持認為他錯了。
He still insisted he wasn’t there atthe time. 他仍然堅持說他當時不在那兒。
注:用于此義時,從句所指的通常是已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)實的情況,所以從句謂語不用“(should)+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣形式,而用陳述語氣。
instead
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1. dosth instead 取而代之去做某事。如:
It will takes days by car, so let’sfly instead. 開車去要好幾天,咱們還是坐飛機去吧。
I couldn’t go, so he wentinstead. 我不能去,所以他替我去了。
2. instead of 代替,而不。如:
Will you go to the party instead ofme? 你替我赴宴好嗎?
Let’s play cards instead of watchingTV. 咱們打牌吧,別看電視了。
We’ll go there on foot instead of bybus. 我們將步行去那兒而不乘車去。
The situation is better instead ofworse. 形勢是更好了,而不是更壞了。
That increased instead of decreasedour courage. 那不但沒有減弱反而增強了我們的勇氣。
instruction
1. follow the instructions 按說明,按指示。如:
Follow the instructions on the backof the box. 請看瓶子背后的說明。
Failure is impossible if theinstructions are carefullyfollowed. 如果用心按照指示辦,就不可能失敗。
注:該表達中的 instruction 要用復數(shù);另外有時也用其它動詞。如:
Read the instructions on the bottlebefore you take the medicine. 吃藥前先看藥瓶上的說明。
See instructions on the reverseside. 見背面的說明。
2. onsb’s instructions 按照某人的指示(命令)。如:
It is done on hisinstructions. 這是按他指示辦的。
On his instruction the baggage hadbeen sent on. 按照他的指示行李已預先送去。
3. under (sb’) instruction 在(某人的)指導下。如:
He is not yet trained, but stillunder instruction. 他的培訓還未結(jié)束,還在接受指導。
Under his instruction I slowlymastered the art of glassblowing. 在他的指導下,我慢慢地掌握了吹玻璃的技術(shù)。
There are about 500 students underinstruction. 大約有五百學生上課。
interest
1. have(take) (an) interest in 對……有(產(chǎn)生)興趣。如:
They have a great (much) interest inpoetry. 他們對詩歌很感興趣。
Babies soon begin to take an interestin the world around them. 嬰兒很快就會對他們周圍的世界感興趣。
2. loseinterest in 失去對……的興趣。如:
He lost interest in is work.他對工作失去了興趣。
The older ones soon lost interest inthe game. 年紀較大的人很快就對這個游戲失去了興趣。
3. ofinterest有興趣,使人感興趣的。如:
The question is of no interest tous. 我們對這個問題不感興趣。
It is a question of interest tous. 這是一個我們感興趣的問題。
He has been to many places ofinterest. 他去過許多名勝。
4. show[express] an interest in 對……表現(xiàn)出興趣。如:
He has shown an interest in learningFrench. 他已表現(xiàn)出對學法語有興趣。
No one has expressed an interest inthis so far. 到目前為止還沒有人對此表示有興趣。
5. beinterested in (doing) sth 對(做)某事感興趣。如:
I’m not interested inpolitics. 我對政治不感興趣。
They are interested in learningdrawing. 他們對學繪畫感興趣。
6. beinterested to do sth 很想做某事。如:
I’d be interested to hear youropinion about this. 我很想聽聽你對這事的意見。
I shall be interested to know whathappens. 我很想知道情況會怎樣。
introduce
1. introduce oneself 自我介紹。如:
Let me introduce myself: my name is(John) Simpson. 請讓我自我介紹一下:我名叫(約翰·)辛普森。
He introduced himself atfirst. 他先作了自我介紹。
2. introduce sb to sb向某人介紹某人。如:
May I introduce you to MissBrown? 讓我介紹你與布朗小姐認識好嗎?
The teacher introduced a new studentto us. 老師為我們介紹了一位新同學。
注:introduce 通常不帶雙賓語。如:
讓我把我的朋友介紹給你。
正:Let me introduce my friend to you.
誤:Let me introduce you my friend.
3. introduce sb to sth 使某人了解(認識、體驗)某事物。如:
The teacher introduced the studentsto thepleasure ofreading. 老師讓學生們嘗到了讀書的樂趣。
He introduced us to a new method ofwork. 他使我們了解了一種了新的工作方法。
4. introduce sb (sth) into 把某人(某物)引入(引進)……。如:
He introduced a guest into theparlour. 他把客人引進會客室。
Potatoes were introduced into Europefrom America. 馬鈴署是從美洲引進歐洲的。
Many new designs have beenintroduced. 已經(jīng)采用了許多新設計。
invite
1. invite sb to (for) sth 邀請某人(參加)做某事。如:
He invited me to dinner (a party, awedding). 他邀請我參加宴會(晚會,婚禮)。
Why don’t you invite him for a drink(a meal, coffee)? 你為什么不邀請他喝一杯(吃餐飯,喝咖啡)?
2. invite sb to do sth 邀請某人一起做某事。如:
They invited her to go for awalk. 他們請她一起去散步。
We invited him to take part in thecelebration. 我們邀請他一起參加慶祝會。
注:有時若意義明確,可省略不定式。如:
He didn’t invite us (to come)in. 他沒有請我們進屋。
He invited us (to come) to aparty. 他邀請我們參加聚會。
另外,有時用于被動語態(tài)。如:
We were then invited to sitdown. 然后他們請我們坐下。
He was invited to speak at themeeting. 他被邀請在會上發(fā)言。
J
job
1. get[find] a job 找到一份工作。如:
Two years later he still couldn’tfind a job. 兩年后他沒沒有找到工作。
She got a job as a waitress.她找到一份做女招待的工作。
2. takea job 接受一份工作。如:
He took a job at a children’shospital. 他接受了兒童醫(yī)院的工作。
3. outof a job 失業(yè)。如:
He’s been out of a job formonths. 他已失業(yè)幾個月了。
You’ll be out of a job if you keepcoming late. 你若老是遲到,你會被解雇的。
4. It’s one’s job to do sth 做某事是某人分內(nèi)的事(職責)。如:
It’s not my job to lock up.上鎖不是我分內(nèi)的事。
It’s your job to teach thechildren. 教這些孩子是你的職責。
5. doa good job 做得好。如:
He did a good job in the exam.他考得很不錯。
You’ve done a good job cleaning theclassroom. 你們把教室打掃得很干凈。( / D7)
6. It’s quite a job to do [doing] sth 做某事是件費力的事。如:
It’s quite a job to persuade[persuading] her. 我費了不少力才說服她。
It was quite a job finding [to find]his flat. 找到他的寓所可不是件容易的事。
join
1. joinsb in (doing) sth 與某人一起做某事。如:
You go ahead. I’ll join youshortly. 你們先開始,我一會兒就來(一起干)。
Will you join me in a walk?同我一起去散步好嗎?
He’ll join us in singing thesong. 他將同我們一起唱歌。
注:該結(jié)構(gòu)有時根據(jù)情況可以有以下簡化形式:
He joined us soon.他很快就加入我們一起干。
He joined in the game.他參加一起做游戲。
Mary joined in rowing.瑪麗參加了一起劃船。
2. joinsth to sth 將某物與某物連接起來。如: / D8 / D39)
Join this pipe to the other.把這根管子與那根連接起來。
The island is joined to the mainlandby a bridge. 島上有座橋與大陸相連。
3. joinup
(1) 參軍。如:
Many of them have joined up.他們很多人都已參軍了。
He joined up at the age of 18.他18歲參軍。
(2) 連接起來。如:
He joined the wires up.他把電線連接起來。
Where do the two roads joinup? 這兩條路在哪里交叉?
4. joinwith sb in (doing) sth 同某人一起參加做某事,跟某人合伙做某事。如:
My wife joins with me in sending ourbest regrards toyou. 我妻子和我一起向您問候。
Will you join with me in buying apresent for them? 你要不要跟我合伙買件禮物送給他們?
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