such可以分為三種不同的詞性。
一、形容詞的用法
1.such做形容詞,是最常見、也是最簡單的用法,起到一種強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
She's got such talent.她很有天賦。
We're having such a wonderfultime. 我們過得很愉快。
I've had such ashock.我大吃一驚。
Why are you in such a hurry?為什么你這么匆忙?
2.注意上面的第二個例子,"such a wonderfultime"。
通常情況下,如果such與名詞之間還帶有形容詞,這時不提倡使用such,因為會引起歧義。而要說"sowonderful a time"或者"a time so wonderful"。
3.當(dāng)句子末尾加上that引導(dǎo)從句,形成such...that結(jié)構(gòu)時,表示因為前面提到的原因,引起了某種結(jié)果。
He speaks to me in such a waythat I alwaysfeel he is insulting me. 他總是用那種方式跟我說話,總是使得我覺得受到了侮辱。
It was such a boringspeech (that)I fell asleep. 這是個乏味的演說,使得我睡著了。
二、限定詞的用法
4.所謂“限定詞”,指的是對名詞的涵義加以限制的詞。又分為后對應(yīng)限定和前對應(yīng)限定兩種。
5.前對應(yīng)限定的such,指的是前面提到過的某一種類。
He noticed her necklace. Such jewels musthave cost thousands, he thought. 他注意到了她的項鏈。這一定值幾千元,他想。
This isn't the only story of crulty to children. Many such cases arereported every day. 這并非虐待兒童的唯一事件。每天都有許多類似案例被報道。
6.后對應(yīng)限定的such,指的是后面將要提到的某一種類。通常使用such... as/that ...的結(jié)構(gòu)。
Such a disaster as this had never happenedto her before.以前她從未遇到過這樣的災(zāi)難。
The knot was fastened in such a waythat it wasimpossible to undo.
這個結(jié)打得很牢固,根本解不開。
Such advice as he was given provedalmost worthless.他得到的那些建議,被證明毫無價值。
He's not such a foolas he looks.他并非看上去那樣蠢。
注意,規(guī)范的用法是,這時應(yīng)避免使用such...that,而只使用such...as,方便與前面的第3點相區(qū)分。
三、代詞的用法
7.such做代詞的時候,也分為前指代和后指代兩種。
8.前指代的意思是,指代前面提到過的某個人或某件事。通常,這時指代的是前面整句話的涵義。
Cricket was boring. Such was heropinion befor meeting Ian.
板球很乏味。遇到Ian之前,她一直這么認(rèn)為。
She's a competent manager and has always been regarder assuch byher colleagues.
她是一個能干的經(jīng)理。同事們一直這樣看待她。
9.后指代的意思是,指代后面提到的某個人或某件事。這時通常采用suchas to do sth或such that的結(jié)構(gòu)。
Such is the influence of TV that it can make a personfamous overnight.
這就是電視的影響,它可以使人一夜成名。
Thepain in her foot wasn't such as to stop herwalking. 她腳上的痛,還沒有到妨礙走路的地步。
The damage was suchthat it would cost too much to repair.損害很嚴(yán)重,要用很多錢才能修好。
四、詞組 such as 和 assuch
10.suchas可以連在一起,作為詞組使用,意思是“比如、就像”,同like類似。
Wild flowers suchas orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
像蘭花和櫻草花那樣的野花,越來越少見了。
Large and important projects such as this oneoften take years to develop.
類似這一個的大型重要項目,需要好多年才能發(fā)展起來。
11.詞組assuch通常用在詞尾,其實只是代詞用法的一個引申,或者表示“像看上去那樣”。
If this is not genuine champagne, it should not be labelledassuch.
既然這不是真的香檳酒,就不應(yīng)該這樣標(biāo)識。
The new job is not promotion as such but it hasgood prospects.
新工作并非真的升職,不過前景不錯。
五、莎士比亞著作中的such例句
12.such是一個很老的詞,莎士比亞就經(jīng)常用。下面是一些從他著作中選出的例句。
Good night, good night! parting is such sweetsorrow,
Romeo and Juliet: II, ii
良宵,良宵!此時分別真是甜蜜又悲傷。
《羅密歐與朱麗葉》第二幕,第二場
We are such stuff as dreams are made on, and our little life isrounded with a sleep.
The Tempest: IV, iv
構(gòu)成我們的料子也就是那夢幻的料子,我們短暫的一生,前后都環(huán)繞在酣睡之中。
《暴風(fēng)雨》第四幕,第四場
Alas, our frailty is the cause, not we: For such as we are made of,such we be.
The Twelfth Night
唉,原因在于我們的弱點,而非我們:因為我們由什么材料制成,就會成為什么樣子。
《第十二夜》
I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon, than such aRoman.
Julius Caesar: IV, iii
我寧愿做一只向月亮狂吠的狗,也不愿做這樣一個羅馬人。
《尤利烏斯·愷撒》第四幕,第三場
Teach not thy lip such scorn, for it was made For kissing, lady,not for such contempt.
KING RICHARD III: I, ii
何必如此出言譏諷,夫人,天生你可親吻的香唇,不是給你做侮蔑之用的。
《理查三世》第一幕,第三場
We were, fair queen, Two lads that thought there was no morebehind. But such a day to-morrow as
to-day. And to be boy eternal.
The Winter's Tale: I, ii
我們那時是兩個不知道有將來的孩子,以為明天就跟今天一樣,永遠(yuǎn)是個孩子。
《明天的故事》第一幕,第二場
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