愛華網(wǎng)動詞-ing形式做句子的各種成份 （一）
一、動詞-ing形式做主語
1、現(xiàn)在分詞做主語表示事物化、抽象化的概念。強(qiáng)調(diào)：現(xiàn)在分詞做主語時謂語一律用單數(shù)。
Eg:Talking is an art.
Eg:Tearning English well is not easy.
2、it做形式主語的情況
It’sno good/use doing sth. 做``````是沒有用的
It’suseful/useless doing做``````是有/沒有用的
There is no `````````doing sth.
Eg:It is no use crying after knowing the result.
Eg:It is no good playing games.
二、動詞-ing形式做表語
動詞-ing形式做表語，一般表示比較抽象的習(xí)慣性動作。
1、句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞/抽象的習(xí)慣性動作。（主語和表語的位置可以互換）
Eg:My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is myhobby.
Eg:One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speakingloudly is one of his bad habits.
Eg:Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is yourtask.
與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別：
Heis flying.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，就不能轉(zhuǎn)換成----------Flying ishe)
2、表示主語的某種性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，描述主語的特征，相當(dāng)于形容詞，故不能與主語互換。
系動詞：be動詞、感官動詞、get/become等。
Eg:This film is interesting.
Eg:Today’s weather is nice.
Eg:The song sounds good.
(主語一般為物：movingsurprisingpromising有希望的)
三、動詞-ing形式做賓語
1、作動詞的賓語
某些動詞后只能用動詞-ing形式作賓語，不能用不定式。
allow cannot help consider risk suggest forbidprotect```(from)阻止 admit advise allowavoid delay推遲 enjoyescape逃脫 finish give upimagine mind practise
Eg:I tried to avoid making mistakes.
Eg:I suggest having a rest.
2、作介詞的 賓語
是一些固定的短語搭配：be/ get/ become used to習(xí)慣于, look forward to, insiston, be succed in, be fond of, be interested in, be worth,devote```to, stick to, lead to and so on.
Eg: The book is worthreading.
Eg: I am used to getting upearly.
四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語
1、動詞-ing形式可以在感官和心理狀態(tài)的動詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語，和賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。（表示動作的正在進(jìn)行，狀態(tài)正在持續(xù)）
Eg: Iwatched a student picking peaches when I crossed theschool.
Eg:When I came into classroom, I heard someone singing.
3、動詞-ing形式也可以用在使役動詞have get leavekeepset send等動詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
（賓語與作賓補(bǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是現(xiàn)在分詞動作的發(fā)出者。）
Eg:Don’t have your students doing homework all the time.
五、動詞-ing形式做定語
1、表示被修飾詞的某種用途,一般放在所修飾詞的前面。
閱覽室 reading room吸煙室 smoking room
洗衣機(jī) washing machine寫字臺 writing desk
3、起形容詞作用的動詞-ing作定語時，含有主動和進(jìn)行的意思。
(1) 單個的分詞放在所修飾名詞的前面
Eg: I walked quietly in order not to wake the sleepingbird.
(2) 短語放在所修飾的名詞后面
Eg: I know the bird sleeping inthe tree.---------I know the bird which is sleeping in thetree.
Eg: It lived in a tree facing myhouse.----------It lived in a tree which faced my house.
