objective clause（賓語(yǔ)從句）

一、 賓語(yǔ)從句的概念

賓語(yǔ)從句屬于名詞性從句，在句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。

eg. We know Mr. Green teachesEnglish.

She asked if these answers were right.

二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素

引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）

語(yǔ) 序

時(shí) 態(tài)

重難點(diǎn)掌握

（一）引導(dǎo)詞

1．由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

注：that 在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略

e.g.

1.I hear (that) you passed the exam.

2.He said (that) his father was a singer.

3.The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in theeast.

2． 由從屬連詞 whether, if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（重點(diǎn)掌握）

由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

if/ whether“是否”，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder,can(could) you tell me 等后。

1. I want to know whether/if he is right.

2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_.

3. I wonder _whether/if we can get there.

4. Could you tell me whether/if that film isinteresting ?

Ø只能用whether不能用if的情況

1.在介詞后面：

I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.

We are worried about whether it will raintomorrow.

2.在動(dòng)詞不定式前：

They asked me whether to go skating.

3.當(dāng)與ornot連用，或提出兩種選擇時(shí):

I don’t know whether he’s free or not.

Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.

Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy theroom.

4.賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：

Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

3． 由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which, what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

這些代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。

1. He asked who the man is.

2. Do you know whose book it is?

3. He asked what he could do for that.

4. Do you know which answer is the best?

5. Please tell me where the right way is.

6. Can you tell me how we can get there?

7. Could you tell me when we should meet?

（二）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序

即：主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）

Do you remember(他多大歲數(shù))?

當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what, who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：

What’s wrong?

What’s the matter?

What’s happening?

What happened?

eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.

Can you tell me who is over there?

（三）時(shí)態(tài)：

1、主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)等“現(xiàn)在”范疇的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要來(lái)用，不受主句影響。

I want to know what time he got up this morning.

He will tell us that hehas been able to look after himself.

They are saying thatthey really like this city.

2、主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用與過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。

Kate said there was a box under the desk.
They asked what he was doing then.

She asked whether I had seen her before.

3、從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.

He told the boy that three and three is six.

He told me the earth moves around the sun.

4、從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

The teacher told me she was born in 1960.

【Exercise 1】

1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.

He said _______ these flowers _______ fromGuangdong.

2. Light(光) goes faster than sound. My teachertold me.

My teacher told me _____ light _______faster than sound.

3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’tknow.

Jack didn’t know _____ there_____ ____ a meeting in five days.

4. Can they speak French? I want to know.

I want to know _____________ _______ _______French.

5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.

Tell me ______ the children______ ______ games.

6. What's his name? I asked him.
I asked him what__________ _____.

7. How many people can you see in the picture? Whoknows?

Who knows ______ __________ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?

8. Where did she put her car? Do you know?

Do you know __________ ____ her car?

9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.

The girl wondered _____ _____ often________ about.

10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.

I don’ t know _____________ at the door so loudly.

11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.

I don't know ______ he still _______ inthat street.

12. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.

Please tell me _________________ _________________.

13. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.

He asked the boys _______ they ______fried chicken.

【Exercise2】

填空：

1.The radio says it _________ cloudytomorrow. (be)

2.The headmaster hopes everything______ well. (go)

3.Tom says that they ______________(play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.

4.I hear they ______________(return) it already.

5.He said that they ___________members of the Party since 1948. (be)

6.He asked what they _____________at eight last night. (do)

7.The teacher told his class thatlight _______ faster than sound. (travel)

8.I think you ____________ about themurder now. (talk)

9.I didn’t know whom the letters ______from. (be)

10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter.(write)

11. Mr Wang told me that the earth ______ (move) round thesun.

12. Could you tell me who ___________ away the book already?(take)

13. Ling Feng told me he _________ there several times.(be)

14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in theeast. (rise)

15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do)

單選：

1. Could you tell me if it _____ tomorrow?

A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain

2. The teacher told his students the sun_____ inthe east.

A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen

3. I'm sure___ he will be here on time.

A. if B. that C. whether D. when

4. Can you tell me ______?

A. what's the matter with him B. what the matterwith him is

C. what happened with him D. what with himhappened

5. Let me tell you ______.

A. how much is the car B. how much does the carcost

C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much Ispent on the car

6. Peter knew _______.

A. whether he has finished reading the book

B. why the boy had so many questions

C. there were 12 months in a year

D. when they will leave for Paris

7. Bruce says _______ he can come at 9:00tomorrow.

A. when B. what C. that D. what time

8. Dave, could you teach me ______ to search theInternet?

A. that B. how C. when D. why

9. Could you tell me ______?

A. where is the nearest railway station

B. where the nearest railway station was

C. where the nearest railway station is

D. where was the nearest railway station

10. He was afraid ______ he would forget hisChinese.

A. if B. when C. how D. that

11. Mike asks Lin Yang _______ he has been inBeijing.

A. how long B. where C. how D. that

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