概率論中,樣本空間是一個實驗或隨機試驗所有可能結果的集合,通常用S,Ω,U來表示。例如,如果拋擲一枚硬幣,那么樣本空間就是集合{正面,反面}。如果投擲一個骰子,那么樣本空間就是{1,2,3,4,5,6}。樣本空間的任何一個子集都被稱為一個事件。如果一個子集只有一個元素,那這個子集被稱為基本事件。

有些實驗有2個或多個可能的樣本空間。例如,從52張撲克牌中隨機抽出一張,一個可能的樣本空間是數(shù)字(A到K),另外一個可能的樣本空間是花色(黑桃,紅桃,梅花,方塊)。如果要完整的描述一張牌,就需要同時給出數(shù)字和花色,這時的樣本空間可以通過構建上述兩個樣本空間的笛卡兒乘積來得到。
In probabilitytheory, the sample space or universal samplespace, often denoted S, Ω, or U (for "universe"),of an experimentor random trial is the setof all possible outcomes. For example, if the experiment is tossinga coin, the sample space is the set {head, tail}. For tossing asingle six-sided die, the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6}[1].For some kinds of experiments, there may be two or more plausiblesample spaces available. For example, when drawing a card from astandard deck of 52 playing cards, onepossibility for the sample space could be the rank (Ace throughKing), while another could be the suit (clubs,diamonds, hearts, or spades).
愛華網



