愛華網(wǎng)第三人稱單數(shù)問題
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。
第三人稱單數(shù)變化，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：
1.人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：
He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。
She has lunch at twelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐?！?/p>
It looks like a cat.它看起來(lái)像只貓。
2.單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)；用第三人稱單數(shù)。如：
①Han Mei looks like her mother.韓梅看起來(lái)像她的母親。
②Beijing is in China.北京在中國(guó)。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。
3.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the/ a +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：
?、貯 horse is a useful animal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。 ②This book isyours.這本書是你的。
③That car is red.那輛小汽車是紅色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's.這只貓是露茜的。
4.不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this,that作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，第三人稱單數(shù)。
①Everyone is here.大家到齊了。 ②There is something wrong with thewatch.這塊手表有毛病。
?、跿his is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。 ④That is an eraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。
5.不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①The milk is in the glass. ②The bread is verysmall.
6.當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如： ①"6" is a lucky number."6" ②"I" is aletter.
發(fā)音規(guī)則
動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則與發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同，請(qǐng)認(rèn)真觀察。
1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“S”在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s]，在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 [z]。如：
①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s]
②read－reads [z] ; play－plays [z]
2、以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的，要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，然后在加“es”讀[iz] 如：
fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z]
study－studies [z]; worry－worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加“es”，發(fā)音為[iz] 如：
teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]
4、以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加“es”，讀[z] 如：
go－goes [z] do－does [z]
注：下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí)，原詞的元音部分的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化，請(qǐng)注意記憶。 如：
1、do [du:]－does [dz]
2、say [sei]－says [sez]
以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞，如果尾音是[s]，[z]時(shí)，加“s”后字母“e”發(fā)音， 與所加“s”
一起讀做[iz]。 如：
close－closes [iz]
作業(yè)
I.寫出第三人稱單數(shù)：
wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________go________ snow______ carry_________
II.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：
1. He________ TV every evening. (watch)
2. We always ________ to school on foot. (go)
3. Tom, with his classmates, often ______ footballafter school. (play)
4. Your shoes _______ under the bed. (be)
5. ______ here and ______ by me. (come, stand)
6. His uncle usually _________ to work by bus.(go)
7. I always ______ up at six in themorning.(get)
8. John ________ like his father. (look)
III.完成句子
根據(jù)所給中文意思，在空白處填入適當(dāng)詞語(yǔ)完成句子。每空一詞，請(qǐng)直接在答題紙上完成，不要在此頁(yè)上作答。
1．該吃晚飯了。
it’s time to ________ ________.
2．你想來(lái)點(diǎn)兒面包嗎?
would you ________ some ________ ?
3．安娜太小，還不能上學(xué)。
ann is ________ young ________ go to school.
4．約翰跑得和我一樣快。
john runs ________ fast ________ me.
5．布萊克太太經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)上幫助我們。
mrs. black often ________ us ________ our english .
6．老師讓我們每天說英語(yǔ)。
the teacher tells us ________ ________ english every day.
7．為什么不讓孩子們做他們喜歡的事情?
________ ________ let the children do what they like?
Key:
二、1. watches 2. go 3. plays 4. are 5. come, stand6. goes 7. get, got
8. looks
三、1. it’s time to have supper. 2. would you like somebread?
3. ann is too young to go to school. 4. john runs as fast asme.
5. mrs. black often helps us with our english.
6. the teacher tells us to speak english every day.
7. why not let the children do what they like?
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)
一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法:
1、表示經(jīng)?；蛘叻磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作. 如: 我每天吃午飯. I have lunch every day.
2、還表示現(xiàn)在存在的一種狀態(tài). 如：我姐姐是一位老師．My sister is a teacher.
3、客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如：The earth moves around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)常與often（經(jīng)常）sometimes（有時(shí)）always（總是）usually（通常）等頻率詞連用，也經(jīng)常與everyday（每天）, every week（每周）, every month（每月）, every term（每學(xué)期）, everyyear（每年）, once a week （一周一次），twice a year（一年兩次）等表示時(shí)間的詞連用。
三、第三人稱單數(shù)問題
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。
四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)分類：
１．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)分為be 動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
1） be動(dòng)詞包括am，is，are. 中文為"是"， 這三個(gè)詞的用法要隨著主語(yǔ)的變化而變化。 "am" 用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）;"is" 用于第三人稱單數(shù)（he，she，it）; "are "用于第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)（we），第二人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)(you),第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)（they）。 可以記住以下順口溜： am管 "我"， is管"，她，它，他"， are管"大家"。
一般疑問句和否定句：把be 動(dòng)詞"am，is，are" 放在句首,回答時(shí)也要使用be動(dòng)詞；變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí),把表示否定的not 放在"am is are" 的后面, 其中可以簡(jiǎn)寫為：is not---- isn't ；are not---- aren't；amnot 沒有簡(jiǎn)寫形式。注意：如果are not, is not放在句尾時(shí)，不能使用簡(jiǎn)寫，必須寫出整個(gè)單詞。.
Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am not.) Are you his friend? Yes,you are. (No, you are not.)
Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. (No, she is not.)
否定句為：I am not a teacher. You are not his friend. She is not anurse.
2）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如果句子的動(dòng)詞不是be 動(dòng)詞 "am is are" 而是其他實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,疑問句和否定句要借助于助動(dòng)詞"do"或者 "does"， 也就是說be 動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形不能同時(shí)使用。 這里的"do"，"does" 本身沒有什么意義，只是幫助構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句. 一般疑問句讀時(shí)必須用降調(diào)."do"和"does"的使用要隨著人稱的變化而變化。請(qǐng)看下面兩組句子，注意區(qū)分他們的共同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。
I go to school every day. ------------- I don't go to school everyday.
He goes to school every day. ---- --------He doesn't go to schoolevery day.
Do you go to school every day? -----------Does he go to schoolevery day?
Yes, I do. (No, I don't) --------------Yes, he does. (No, hedoesn't)
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，
肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的s形式+賓語(yǔ)
否定句為：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)
疑問句為：Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動(dòng)詞does.
注：1）第三人稱單數(shù)用了 does 后面就不用動(dòng)詞的s形式了,而用動(dòng)詞原形.
2）變?yōu)橐蓡柧?要在句首加"do" ; 變?yōu)榉穸ň? 要在動(dòng)詞前面加"do not", 可以簡(jiǎn)寫為 "don't".
課堂練習(xí)
一、把下列句子改成一般疑問句并做肯定、否定回答。
1．I usually get up at six o’clock.
?
Yes,./No,.
2. We usually write e-mails to each other on Saturdayevening.
?
/.
3. They have the same hobby.
?
./.
4.Suhai and Su yang like listening to music after school.
?
./.
5.Helen usually watches TV in the evening.
?
. /.
二、用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?
2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.
3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.
4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) afterschool?
5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science andArt at school.
6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with hissister.
7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with herparents.
8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) onMonday?
10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.
三．選擇
( ) 1. _____ you have a book?
A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
( )2. They _________ on a farm.
A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked
( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?
__________.
A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, helikes
( )4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing B. to do C. does D. do
( )5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?
A. do,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes
( )6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t lookat
( )7. How ___________ he go to work?
He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does ;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes
( )8. ______ you usually late for school?
No, _____________.
A. Do ; I am B. Does ;not C. Are ; I’m not D. Are ; Iaren’t
( )9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does ,left
( )10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
A. teachesour B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our
答案：二.1.does, do 2. gets 3. Do, brush 4. does, do 5. studies 6.goes 7. watches 8. Does, read 9. do, have 10. play
三.1---5 A C B D C 6---10 C D C B B
