besides意為“除了……,(還,也)”,表示的是追加關(guān)系,整體中包括了“除了”的部分;
Five otherrepresentatives arrived late besidesme.除了我還有五位代表來晚了。(晚到的代表中包括“我”)
Besides his wife, hisdaughter also went to see him.除他妻子外,他女兒也去看過他。
except意為“除了……,(其余的都)”,表示的是剔除的關(guān)系,整體中不包括“除了”的部分,except除了后面接名詞、代詞外,還可接介詞短語或從句。
All the other fiverepresentatives arrived late except me.
除了我,其他的五位代表都來晚了。(晚到的代表中不包括“我”)
I seldom go by busexcept when it is rainy.除了下雨的時候,我很少乘公共汽車。
He rarely wentanywhere except to his office.除了去辦公室,他很少去別的地方。
I know nothing aboutit except what he told me.除他告訴我的情況外,我對此事一無所知。
My papers seem to beeverywhere except where they ought tobe.我的文件似乎完全不在它們應(yīng)該放置的地方。
except for表示的是,在整體上給以定論后,再從局部上加以修正。與except不同的是:except所“排除”的部分與前面所述整體詞屬于同類,是部分與整體的關(guān)系;而exceptfor所“排除”的部分與前面所述的整體詞往往不是同類。如:
Your essay is wellwritten except for one or two minor grammaticalmistakes.
你的作文除了一兩處小的語法錯誤外,寫得很好。(“作文”與“語法錯誤”不是同類事物)
若用于句首,則exceptfor與except同義(但except通常不用于句首,另外but也不能用于句首):
Except for me,everyone passed the exam.除了我之外,大家都通過了考試。
but 與except的用法基本相同并?;Q使用,但but多與no, nothing,not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anything,who等詞連用,but所引出的事物常是句子的重心,有一定的強調(diào)意味。如:
They are all from thecountryside but / except John.除了約翰外,他們都來自鄉(xiāng)下。
I never saw himreading anything but the newspaper.除了報紙,我從沒見他讀過別的東西。
當but /except后面跟不定式時,如果but /except前面有實義動詞do或do的其他形式,后面的不定式符號要省略。如:
In winter the beardoes nothing but lie down and sleep.冬天,熊除了躺下睡覺什么也不干。
It had no effectexcept to make him angry.除了惹他生氣外,沒產(chǎn)生任何效果。
but for否定復(fù)合介詞,用在名詞前構(gòu)成介詞短語,意思是“要不是”,等于without。句子中只要有butfor,該句子必須用虛擬語氣。
But for your help(ifyou had not helped us)we should not have finished intime.
要不是你的幫助,我們就不會及時完成。
But for the rain (=If it had not rained) we should have had a pleasantjourney.
要不是下雨,我們就會有一個愉快的旅途的。
ap art from在不同的上下文中,既有besides的含義,又有except和exceptfor的含義,要根據(jù)上下文來判別。如:
Apart from English,he has a good command of Russian and French.除英語外,他還精通俄語和法語。(=besides)
He has no interests,apart from his work.他除了自己的工作外,沒什么興趣愛好。(= except )
It's a good paper,apart from a few spelling mistakes.這是一篇好論文,只是有幾處拼寫錯誤。(= exceptfor)
asidefrom 類似于apart from的用法。
1 除…之外
Everything was quiet,aside from the occasional sound of a car in thedistance.
除了遠處偶爾有汽車的聲響外,四周一片寂靜。
2 既…又…
I didn't accept thejob because it was badly paid and aside from that, it wasn't veryinteresting.
我沒接受這個工作,因為工資既少,又非常乏味。
in addition to 含義與besides一樣。
They provide a freebreakfast in addition to a bed.除了提供床位外,他們還提供免費早餐。
as well as還有“除……之外”之意,與besides一樣。
As well as knowingsome Russian,she speaks English verywell.除了懂得一點俄語之外,她的英語講得很好。
other than 類似于apart from的用法
Does anybody otherthan yourself know this? 除你本人之外還有別人知道這事嗎?
She has no close friends other than him.除了他以外她沒有好朋友。
on top ofthat 類似于besides的用法
He lost his job and on top of that his wife lefthim.
他失業(yè)了,不僅如此,他妻子也離開了他。
next to類似于except的用法
Next to John, Jamie is my best friend.除了約翰,杰米是我最好的朋友。
Next to biology, I like physics best. 除了生物,我最喜歡物理。
愛華網(wǎng)



