如何閱讀一本書
僅僅讀這本書是無法完成作者留下的作業(yè)的。我自己正在讀下面的書,我想,只有等到一定的時候才能完全體會到兩位大師的良苦用心阿。期待能與他們對話的那一天。
如何閱讀一本書:教我們對不同的書要進行不同的分類,有些書只需要第二層的閱讀,有些書需要第三層甚至第四層的閱讀。認真體會了《如何閱讀一本書》,那么,再長的書單也可以讀完,不同的方法讀不同的書。
荷馬-----------伊利亞特、奧德賽
未知-----------舊約
埃斯庫羅斯-----------悲劇
索??死账?----------悲劇
希羅多德-----------歷史
歐里庇得斯-----------悲劇 特別:美狄亞、希波呂托斯、酒神的伴侶
修昔底德-----------伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭史
希波克拉底-----------醫(yī)學著作
阿里斯托芬-----------喜劇 特別:云、鳥、青蛙
柏拉圖-----------對話錄特別:理想國、會飲、斐多、枚農、申辯篇、斐德羅、普羅太戈拉、高爾吉亞、智者、泰阿泰德
亞里士多德-----------全部作品 特別:工具論、物理學、形而上學、論靈魂、尼各馬科倫理學、政治學、修辭術、詩學
伊壁鳩魯-----------致希羅多德信、致梅瑙凱信
歐幾里得-----------幾何原本
阿基米德-----------所有著作 特別:論平板的平衡、論浮體、沙粒計算
阿波羅尼奧斯-----------圓錐曲線論
西塞羅-----------友誼篇、演說集、論老年
盧克萊修-----------物性論
維吉爾-----------著作 英文版特別:牧歌、農業(yè)的?田園詩 、埃涅阿斯紀
賀拉斯 -----------長短句、頌歌集、詩藝
李維-----------羅馬史
奧維德-----------著作 特別:變形記
普魯塔克-----------希臘羅馬名人比較列傳
塔西佗-----------歷史、編年史、阿古利可拉傳、日耳曼尼亞志
尼可馬修斯-----------算術入門
愛比克泰德-----------金言錄、手冊
托密勒-----------天文學大成
琉善(路吉阿諾斯)-----------著作 特別:論撰史、真實的歷史、待售的哲學
馬庫思·奧勒留-----------沉思錄
蓋倫-----------論自然力
未知-----------新約
柏羅丁-----------六部九章集
圣·奧古斯丁-----------著作 特別:論教師、懺悔錄、天主之城 、論基督教教義
未知-----------羅蘭之歌
未知-----------尼伯龍根之歌
未知-----------尼雅爾薩迦(尼雅爾傳)
阿奎那-----------神學大全
但丁-----------著作 特別:新生活、君主國、神曲
喬叟-----------著作 特別:特羅勒斯與克麗西德、坎特伯雷故事集
達芬奇-----------筆記
馬基維里-----------君主論、李維羅馬史論
伊拉斯謨-----------愚人禮贊
哥白尼-----------天體運行論(De Revolutionibus)
托馬斯·摩爾-----------烏托邦
馬丁·路德-----------三檄文、桌上談
拉伯雷-----------巨人傳
加爾文-----------基督教要義
蒙田-----------隨筆![[轉載]【書單】《如何閱讀一本書》推薦的書單~ 香港中文大學推薦書單](http://img.aihuau.com/images/01111101/01081333t013795c4ac74dcae4a.jpg)
威廉·吉爾伯特-----------磁石論
塞萬提斯-----------堂吉訶德
愛德蒙·斯賓塞-----------預祝婚禮曲、仙后
培根-----------隨筆集、學術的推進、新工具、新大西島
莎士比亞-----------著作
伽利略-----------關于兩門新科學的對話、星夜的差使
開布勒-----------哥白尼天文學概要、世界的和諧
威廉·哈維-----------動物心運動的解剖學研究、血液循環(huán)、論動物的生殖
托馬斯?霍布斯-----------利維坦
笛卡兒-----------方法中的對話、方法論、幾何學、第一哲學沉思
彌爾頓-----------著作 特別:英文小詩歌、失樂園、力士參孫、論出版自由
莫里哀-----------喜劇 特別:吝嗇鬼、太太學校、恨世者、討厭自己的醫(yī)生、塔圖弗
帕斯卡-----------思想錄、致外省人信札、科學論文集
惠更斯-----------光論
斯賓諾莎-----------倫理學
洛克-----------論寬容、政府論、人類理解論
拉辛-----------悲劇 特別:昂朵馬格、費德兒
牛頓-----------自然哲學的數(shù)學原理、光學
萊布尼茲-----------形而上學序論、人類理智新論、單子論
笛福-----------羅賓漢
斯威夫特-----------致史黛拉書、格理弗游記、一個木桶的故事、一個小小的建議
康格里夫-----------浮士道
柏克萊-----------人類知識原理
蒲伯-----------論批評、人論、鬈發(fā)遇劫記
孟德斯鳩-----------波斯人信札、論法的精神
伏爾泰-----------英國書簡、憨第德、哲學詞典
亨利·菲爾丁-----------約瑟夫·安德魯傳、湯姆·瓊斯
塞繆爾·約翰遜-----------人類欲望的虛幻、英文辭典、拉塞勒斯、詩人傳
休謨-----------人性論、道德與政治文集、人類理智研究
讓·雅各·盧梭-----------論人類不平等的起源和基礎、論政治經濟學、愛彌爾、社會契約論
勞倫斯?斯特恩-----------項狄傳、在法國和意大利的傷感旅行
亞當·斯密-----------道德情操論、國富論
康德-----------純粹理性批判、實踐理性批判、法的形而上學原理-權利科學、判斷力批判、論永久和平
愛德華·吉本-----------羅馬帝國的衰亡
包斯威爾-----------倫敦日記、約翰遜傳
拉瓦錫-----------化學概要
多位-----------聯(lián)邦黨人文集
邊沁-----------道德與立法原理導論、邊沁的虛構理論(奧格登編撰)
歌德-----------浮士德、詩與真相
傅立葉-----------熱的分析理論
黑格爾-----------精神現(xiàn)象學、權利哲學、歷史哲學
華茲華斯-----------詩 特別:抒情歌謠集、露茜組詩、長詩(序曲)
薩繆爾·柯勒律-----------詩 特別:忽必列汗、老水手行
奧斯汀-----------傲慢與偏見、愛瑪
克勞塞維茨-----------戰(zhàn)爭論
司湯達-----------紅與黑、帕爾馬修道院、愛情論
拜倫-----------瑭璜
叔本華-----------悲觀主義的研究
法拉第-----------蠟燭的化學歷史、電學實驗研究
萊伊爾-----------地質學原理
孔德-----------實證哲學教程
巴爾扎克-----------高老頭、歐也妮·葛朗臺
愛默生-----------代表人物、愛默生集:論文和講演集、愛默生隨筆
霍桑-----------紅字
托克威-----------美國的民主政治
密爾-----------理論學、論自由、代議制政府、功利主義、女性之卑屈、自傳
查爾斯·達爾文-----------物種起源、人類的由來、自傳
查爾斯狄更斯-----------著作 特別:匹克威克外傳、大衛(wèi)·科波維爾、艱難時世
克勞德·伯納德-----------實驗醫(yī)學研究導論
梭羅 -----------論公民的不服從、瓦爾登湖
馬克思-----------資本論
喬治·艾略特-----------亞當·貝德、米德爾馬契
赫爾曼·麥爾維爾-----------莫比迪克(白鯨)、比理巴德
陀思妥耶夫斯基-----------罪與罰、白癡、卡拉馬佐夫兄弟
福樓拜-----------包法利夫人、三個故事
易卜生-----------戲劇 特別:海達·高布樂、玩偶之家、野鴨
托爾斯泰-----------戰(zhàn)爭與和平、安娜·卡列尼娜、藝術論、二十三個故事
馬克·吐溫-----------哈克貝里·費恩歷險記、神秘的來客
威廉·詹姆斯-----------心理學原理、宗教經驗之種種、實用主義、徹底經驗論文文集
亨利·詹姆斯-----------美國人、奉使記
尼采-----------查拉斯圖拉如是說、善惡的彼岸、道德的系譜、權力意志
龐加萊-----------科學與假設、科學與方法
弗洛伊德-----------夢的解析、精神分析引論、文明及其不滿、精神分析引論新編
蕭伯納-----------戲劇 特別:人和超人、芭巴拉少校、愷撒和克里奧佩特拉、賣花女、圣女貞德
馬克斯·普朗克-----------origin and development of the quantumtheory、Where Is Science Going、科學自傳
亨利·伯格森 -----------"時間與自由意志、物質與記憶、創(chuàng)造進化論CreativeEvolution、道德與宗教的兩個起源the two sources of morality and religion"
杜威-----------我們怎樣思維、民主主義與教育、經驗與自然、邏輯:探究的理論
懷特海-----------數(shù)學導論、科學與現(xiàn)代世界、教育的目的及其他論文、觀念的冒險
桑塔耶納-----------理性生活、懷疑主義與動物信仰skepticism and animalfaith、人與地persons and places
列寧-----------國家與革命
普魯斯特-----------追憶似水年華
伯特蘭·羅素-----------哲學問題、心的分析、意義和真理研究、人類知識的范圍和界限
托馬斯·曼-----------魔山、約瑟和他的兄弟們
愛因斯坦-----------相對論的意義、在牛津大學的演講on the method of theoreticalphysics、物理學的進化
詹姆斯·喬伊斯-----------《都柏林人》中的"死者"、青年藝術家的畫像
馬利坦-----------藝術與經院哲學、知識的等級、人權與自然法、完整的人道主義
卡夫卡-----------審判、城堡
湯因比-----------歷史研究、審判文化
薩特-----------惡心、死無葬身之地、存在與虛無
亞歷山大·索爾仁尼琴-----------第一圈、癌癥病房
1. Homer (9th century B.C.?)
· Iliad
· Odyssey
2. The Old Testament
3. Aeschylus (c. 525-456 B.C. )
· Tragedies
4. Sophocles (c. 495-406 B.C. )
.Tragedies
5. Herodotus (c. 484-425 B.C. )
· History (of the Persian Wars)
6. Euripides (c. 485-406 B.C. )
.Tragedies (esp. Medea, Hippolytus, The Bacchae)
7. Thucydides (c. 460-400 B.C. )
· History of the Peloponnesian War
8. Hippocrates (c. 460-377? B.C. )
.Medical writings
9. Aristophanes (c. 448-380 B.C. )
· Comedies (esp. The Clouds, The Birds, The Frogs)
10. Plato (c. 427-347 B.C.)
· Dialogues (esp. The Republic, Symposium, Phaedo, Meno,Apology, Phaedrus, Protagoras, Gorgias, Sophist, Theaetetus )
11. Aristotle (384-322 B.C. )
.Works (esp. Organon, Physics, Metaphysics,
On the Soul, The Nichomachean Ethics, Politics,
Rhetoric, Poetics)
12. Epicurus (c. 341-270 B.C. )
·Letter to Herodotus
·Letter to Menoeceus
13. Euclid (fl.c. 300 B.C. )
· Elements (of Geometry)
14. Archimedes (c. 287-212 B.C. )
.Works ( esp. On the Equilibrium of Planes,
On Floating Bodies, The Sand-Reckoner)
15. Apollonius of Perga (fl.c. 240 B.C.)
.On Conic Sections
16. "Cicero (106-43 B.C. )
Works ( esp. Orations, On Friendship, On Old Age)
17. Lucretius (c. 95-55 B.C.)
.On the Nature of Things
18. Virgil (70-19 B.C. )
· Works
19. Horace (65-8 B.C. )
·Works ( esp. Odes and Epodes, The Art of Poetry )
20. Livy (59 B.C.-A.D. 17)
History of Rome
21. Ovid (43 B.C.-A.D. 17)
Works (esp. Aletan1or,phoses)
22. Plutarch (c. 45-120)
· Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans
Aloralia
23. Tacitus (c. 55-117)
· Histories
· Annals
Agricola
Gemumia
24. Nicomachus of Gerasa (fl.c. 100 A.D.)
· Introduction to Arithn1etic
25. Epictetus (c. 60-120)
· Discourses
Encheiridion (Handbook)
26. Ptolemy (c. 100-178; fl. 127-151)
· Almagest
27. "Lucian (c. l2O-c. 190)
Works (esp. The Way to Write History,
The True History, The Sale of Creeds)
28. Marcus Aurelius (121-180)
· Aleditations
29. Galen (c. 130-200)
.On the Natural Faculties
30. The New Testament
31. Plotinus (205-270)
.The Enneads
32. St. Augustine (354-430)
Works (esp. On the Teacher, .Confessions,
.The City of God, .Christian Doctrine)
33. The Song of Roland (12th century?)
34. The Nibelungenlied (13th century)
(The Volsunga Saga is the Scandinavian version
of the same legend.)
35. The Saga of Burnt Njal
36. St. Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225-1274)
.Summa Theologica
37. "Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
Works (esp. The New Life, On Monarchy,
· The Divine Comedy)
38. Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1340-1400)
Works (esp. Troilus and Criseyde,
Canterbury Tales)
39. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Notebooks
40. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
· The Prince
Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy
41. Desiderius Erasmus (c. 1469-1536)
The Praise of Folly
42. Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
· On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
43. Sir Thomas More (c. 1478-1535)
Utopia
44. Martin Luther (1483-1546)
Three Treatises
Table-Talk
45. Franois Rabelais (c. 1495-1553)
· Gargantua and Pantagruel
46. John Calvin (1509-1564)
Institutes of the Christian Religion
47. Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592)
· Essays
48. William Gilbert (1540-1603)
· On the Loadstone and Magnetic Bodies
49. Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616)
· Don Quixote
50. Edmund Spenser (c. 1552-1599)
Prothalamion
The Faerie Queene
51. Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
Essays
· Advancement of Learning
· Novum Organum
· New Atlantis
52. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
.Works
53. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
The Starry Messenger
· Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences
54. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
· Epitome of Copernican Astronomy
.Concerning the Harmonies of the World
55. William Harvey (1578-1657)
.On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals
.On the Circulation of the Blood
.On the Generation of Animals
56. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
.The Leviathan
57. Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
· Rules for the Direction of the Mind
· Discourse on Method
. Geometry
· Meditations on First Philosophy
58. John Milton (1608-1674)
Works (esp. .the minor poems, · Areopagitica,
· Paradise Lost, · Samson Agonistes)
59. Moliere (1622-1673)
Comedies (esp. The Miser, The School for Wives,
The Misanthrope, The Doctor in Spite of Him-
self, Tartuffe)
60. Blaise Pascal (1623-1662)
.The Provincial Letters
.Pensees
· Scientific treatises
61. Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695)
.Treatise on Light
62. Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677)
· Ethics
63. John Locke (1632-1704)
· Letter Conceming Toleration
. Of Civil Government" (second treatise in
Two Treatises on Govemment )
.Essay Conceming Human Understanding
Thoughts Conceming Education
64. Jean Baptiste Racine (1639-1699)
Tragedies ( esp. Andromache, Phaedra)
65. Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
· Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
· Optics
66. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716)
Discourse on Metaphysics
New Essays Conceming Human Understanding
Monadology
67. Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
Robinson Crusoe
68. Jonathan Swift (16ffl-1745)
A Tale of a Tub
Journal to Stella
· Gulliver's Travels
A Modest Proposal
69. William Congreve (lfflO-I729)
The Way of the World
70. George Berkeley (1685-1753)
· Principles of Human Knowledge
71. Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
Essay on Criticism
Rape of the Lock
Essay on Man
72. Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755)
Persian Letters
72. Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, .Spirit ofLaws
73. "Voltaire (1694-1778)
Letters on the English
Candide
Philosophical Dictionary
74. Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
· Joseph Andrews
.Tom Jones
75. "Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
The Vanity of Human Wishes
Dictionary
Rasselas
The Lives of the Poets (esp. the essays on Milton andPope)
76. "David Hume (1711-1776)
Treatise of Human Nature
Essays Moral and Political
· An Inquiry Conceming Human Understanding
77. "Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
.On the Origin of Inequality
.On Political Economy
Emile
.The Social Contract
78. Laurence Sterne (1713-1768)
· Tristram Shandy
A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
79. Adam Smith (1723-1790)
The Theory of the Moral Sentiments
.Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the
Wealth of Nations
80. "Immanuel Kant (1724--1804)
.Critique of Pure Reason
.Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of
Morals
.Critique of Practical Reason
.The Science of Right
.Critique of Judgment
80. Immanuel Kant, continued
Perpetual Peace
81. Edward Gibbon (1737-1794)
.The Decline and FaU of the Roman Empire
Autobiography
82. James Boswell (1740-1795)
Journal ( esp. London Journal)
.Life of Samuel Johnson Ll.D.
83. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794)
· Elements of Chemistry
84. John Jay (1745-1829), James Madison (1751-1836), andAlexander Hamilton (1757-1804)
· Federalist Papers
(together with the · Articles of Confederation,
the .Constitution of the United States, and the
· Declaration of Independence)
85. Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
Introduction to the Principles of Morals and
Legislation
Theory of Fictions
86. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
· Faust
Poetry and Truth
87. Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830)
· Analytical Theory of Heat
88. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831)
Phenomenology of Spirit
· Philosophy of Right
· Lectures on the Philosophy of History
89. William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Poems (esp. Lyrical BaUads, Lucy poems, sonnets;
The Prelude )
90. Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
Poems (esp. "Kubla Khan," Rime of the Ancient Mariner)
90. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, continued
Biographia Literaria
91. Jane Austen (1775-1817)
Pride and Preiudice
Emma
92. "Karl von Clausewitz (1780-1831)
On War
93. Stendhal (1783-1842)
The Red and the Black
The Charterhouse of Parma
On Love
94. George Gordon, Lord Byron (1788-1824)
Don Juan
95. Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860)
Studies in Pessimism
96. Michael Faraday (1791-1867)
Chemical History ofa Candle
· Experimental Researches in Electricity
97. Charles Lyell (1797-1875)
Principles of Geology
98. Auguste Comte (1798-1857)
The Positive Philosophy
99. Honore de Balzac (1799-1850)
Pere Gorlot
Eugenie Grandet
100. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
Representative Men
Essays
Journal
101. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)
The Scarlet Letter
102. Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859)
Democracy in America
103. John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
A System of Logic
.On Liberty
· Representative Government
· Utilitarianism
103. John Stuart Mill, continued
The Subiection of Women
Autobiography
104. Charles Darwin (181882)
.The Origin of Species
.The Descent of Man
Autobiography
105. Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
Works ( esp. Pickwick Papers, David Copperfield,
Hard Times)
106. Claude Bernard (1813-1878)
Introduction to the Study of Experimental
Medicine
107. Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
Civil Disobedience
Walden
108. Karl Marx (1818-1883)
· Capital (together with the .Communist Manifesto)
109. George Eliot ( 1819-1880)
Adam Bede
Middlemarch
110. Herman Melville (1819-1891)
.Moby Dick
Billy Budd
111. Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881)
Crime and Punishment
The Idiot
.The Brothers Karamazov
112. Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)
Madame Bovary
Three Stories
113. Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)
Plays (esp. Hedda Gabler, A Dorfs House,
The Wild Duck)
114. Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910)
.War and Peace
Anna Karenina
What Is Art?
Twenty-three Tales
115. Mark Twain (1835-1910)
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
The Mysterious Stranger
116. · .William James (1842-1910)
· The Principles of Psychology
The Varieties of Religious Experience
Pragmatism
Essays in Radical Empiricism
117. Henry James (1843-1916)
The American
The Ambassadors
118. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzche (1844-1900)
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Beyond Good and Evil
The Genealogy of Morals
The Will to Power
119. Jules Henri Poincare (1854-1912)
Science and Hypothesis
Science and Method
120. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
.The Interpretation of Dreaf1l$
· Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
.Civilization and Its Discontents
.New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
121. George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
Plays (and Prefaces) (esp. Man and Superman, Major Barbara,Caesar and Cleopatra, Pygmalion, Saint Joan)
122. Max Planck (1858-1947)
Origin and Development of the Quantum Theory
Where Is Science Going?
Scientific Autobiography
123. Henri Bergson (1859-1941)
Time and Free Will
Matter and Memory
Creative Evolution
The Two Sources of Morality and Religion
124. John Dewey (1859-1952)
How We Think
Democracy and Education
Experience and Nature
Logic, the Theory of Inquiry
125. Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947)
An Introduction to Mathematics
Science and the Modem World
The Aims of Education and Other Essays
Adventures of Ideas
126. George Santayana (1863-1952)
The Life of Reason
Skepticism and Animal Faith
Persons and Places
127. Nikolai Lenin (1870-1924)
The State and Revolution
128. Marcel Proust (1871-1922)
Remembrance of Things Past
129. Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
The Problems of Philosophy
The Analysis of Mind
An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth
Human Knowledge; Its Scope and Limits
130. Thomas Mann (1875-1955)
The Magic Mountain
Joseph and His Brothers
131. Albert Einstein (1879-1955)
The Meaning of Relativity
On the Method of Theoretical Physics
The Evolution of Physics (with L. Infeld)
132. James Joyce (1882-1941)
"The Dead" in Dubliners
132. James Joyce, continued
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Ulysses
133. Jacques Maritain (1882- )
Art and Scholasticism
The Degrees of Knowledge
The Rights of Man and Natural Law
True Humanism
134. Franz Kafka (1883-1924)
The Trial
The Castle
135. Arnold Toynbee (1889- )
A Study of History
Civilization on Trial
136. Jean Paul Sartre (1905- )
Nausea
No Exit
Being and Nothingness
137. Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn ( 1918-
The First Circle
Cancer Ward
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