愛華網(wǎng)1．動名詞（動名詞具有動詞和名詞的特征，在句中作主語、表語、賓語和定語）
動名詞 | 主動語態(tài) | 被動語態(tài) | 與謂語動詞的關(guān)系 |
一般式 | Doing | Being done | 與謂語動作同時發(fā)生 |
完成式 | Having doing | Having been done | 動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前 |
作主語
1.謂語用單數(shù)。
Climbing mountains is really fun.
Swimming is my favorite sport.
Reading is an art.
Getting up early is a good habit.
例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？
-___ her new bicycle.
A. As shelostB．Lost
C．Losing D．Because oflosing
2. 使用形式主語it，而將動名詞放在句尾。
It’s no use doing …
It’s no good doing…
It’s a waste of time doing …
例：It’s no good______ (wait) here.
It’s no use ______(argue) with her.
It’s nogood _______(smoke), you’d better give it up.
It’s awaste of time _______(wait) here.
No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here)).
作賓語
I enjoy listening to music.
He often practices playing the piano in the evening.
He has given up smoking.
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
他不喜歡喝酒。
他充分利用時間練習(xí)唱歌。
我提議坐我的車去。
你介意我開窗嗎？
(1)只能接動名詞作賓語的動詞：
admit，
advise建議，
risk，
appreciate，
envy嫉妒，
avoid避免，
consider考慮，
delay延遲，
deny否認(rèn)，
dislike不喜歡，
enjoy，
escape逃避，
excuse原諒、寬恕，
finish完成，
forgive原諒，
understand理解，
give up放棄，
imagine想象，
keep保持，
mind介意、在乎，
miss未達(dá)到，
practice訓(xùn)練，
put off推遲，
resist抵抗，
suggest建議、暗示，
can’t help 禁不住，
can’t stand無法忍受，
devote to致力于···，
look forward to 期望、盼望，
stick to堅持，
be used to習(xí)慣于，
object to反對，
be busy忙于···，
feel like想要···，
be surprised at 對……感到驚訝，
be proud of 以……為驕傲，
succeed in 在某方面成功，
be afraid of害怕
give up 放棄
例: Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject.(85’)
A．to haveB．shouldhave
C．have D．Having
(2)只能接不定式作賓語的動詞：
happen 碰巧，
offer 主動提出，
promise 答應(yīng)，
agree 同意，
refuse拒絕，
decide 決定，
determine 決定、決心，
pretend 假裝，
fail 未能夠，
learn，
wish希望，
hope，
expect，
afford 負(fù)擔(dān)得起。
(3)接動名詞、不定式均可，意義相同的動詞：like，love，dislike，hate，begin，star，continue，prefer，can’tbear/endure 無法忍受，cease停止。
注1：v-ing形式表示經(jīng)常性、概括性的動作，不定式表示具體的、特定的某一次動作。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like to sing today．
注2：在begin, start,continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作賓語沒有區(qū)別，但start，begin本身為進(jìn)行式或后接realize, wonder,understand等心理活動的詞時，常用不定式作賓語。如：
I began to realize that I was wrong．
(4)下列單詞接動名詞和不定式均可，但意義不同的動詞：forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等
Stop to do停下來去做stop doing 停止做
Forget to do忘記要做forget doing 忘記做過
Remember to do記得要做remember doing 記得做過
Regret to do遺憾要做regret doing 后悔做過
Try to do企圖做，盡力做trydoing 試著做
Go on to do繼續(xù)做（另一件事）go on doing 繼續(xù)做（同一件事）
Mean to do打算做mean doing 意味做
例：
1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ foranother hour.
AwaitingB towaitingCwaitD to be waiting
2.—You were brave enough to raise objections at themeeting.
-Well，now I regret ___that.
A．to do B．to bedoing
C．to havedoneD．having done
(5)need, require, want作“需要”講，其后用動名詞的主動式表示被動意義，be worth也有類似用法。如：
The flowers need watering/to be watered.
The problem is worth discussing/to be discussed.
(6)permit, allow, forbid, require(要求)doing sth./ sb to dosth.跟人作賓語后，必須用不定式作補(bǔ)語。例如：
This room won’t allow smoking.在這間屋里不準(zhǔn)吸煙。
We do not allow anybody to smoke here.這里不許吸煙。
例：
—What do you think of the book？
-Oh，excellent．It's worth ___a second time．
A．to read B．to be readC．readingD．beingread
動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)
動名詞有一般式和完成式。
它的一般式所表示的動作或是與句中謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生，或是在句中謂語動詞動作之后發(fā)生；
而它的完成式所表示的動作則一般發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞動作之前。
例1：While shopping，people sometimes can't help ____ into buyingsomething they don't really need．
A．to persuade B．persuadingC．being persuaded D．bepersuaded
例2:Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party．（2000上海）
A．having not beeninvitedB．nothaving invited
C．having not invitedD．nothaving been invited
動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語時，名詞可用普通格代替所有格，代詞可用賓格形式代替形容詞性物主代詞。eg.
I don’t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom’s being late.但是動名詞作主語時，只能用your /Tom’s being late形式。
例:What worried the child most was ____ to visit his mother in thehospital．
A．his not allowing
B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed
D．having not been allowed
選擇最佳選項：
1．＿＿＿＿is a good form of exercise for young and old．
A．The walkB．WalkingC．To walkD．Walk
2．—You were brave enough to raise objections at themeeting．
—Well, now I regret ＿＿＿＿ that．
A．to doB．to be doing C．have doneD．having done
3．I don’t regret ＿＿＿＿＿ even if it might have upset her．
A．to tell her what IthoughtB．to have told her that I thought
C．telling what IthoughtD．telling her what I thought
4．The library needs ＿＿, but it will have to wait untilSunday．
A．cleaningB．to cleanC．cleanD．being cleaned
5．I can hardly imagine Peter ＿across the Atlantic Ocean in fivedays．
A．sailB．to sailC．sailingD．to have sailed
6．—I must apologize for ＿＿＿＿＿ ahead of time．
—That’s all right．
A．letting you not knowB．not letting you know
C．letting you know notD．letting not you know
7．—What do you think of the novel﹖ —Oh, it’s really ＿＿＿＿＿．
A．well worthreadingB．very good to read
C．worthyreadingD．worth to be read
8．What’s troubling them is ＿＿＿＿＿ enough experienced workers．
A．that they havingnoB．they not have
C．their nothavingD．not their having
9．She likes ＿＿＿＿ but she doesn’t like ＿＿＿＿ this afternoon．She’dlike ＿＿＿＿＿some other day．
A．swimming；swimming；to swimB．to swim；swimming；to swim
C．swim；to swim；swimming D．swimming；to swim；to swim
10．She didn’t remember ＿＿＿＿ him before．
A．having met B．havemetC．to meet D．to having met
11．I would appreciate ＿＿＿＿ back this afternoon．
A．you to callB．you callC．your calling D．you’re calling
12．How about the two of us ＿＿＿＿ a walk down the garden﹖
A．to take B．takeC．takingD．to be taking
13．—Let me tell you something about the journalists．
—Don’t you remember ＿me the story yesterday﹖
A．toldB．tellingC．totellD．to have told
14．The pupil asked the teacher how much time he spent ＿＿＿＿ violinevery day．
A．to practise to playtheB．practising playing the
C．to practise toplayD．practising to play
15．It’s no use ＿＿＿＿＿ forward to ＿＿＿＿ from her soon．
A．to look; to hear B．looking; hearing C．looking; hearD．look;hear
1-5 BDDAC 6-10 BACDA11- 15 CCBBB
