愛華網(wǎng)Key structures
一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的比較
1）一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作。
時間狀語多為：last year, last month, 3 years ago, in 1994, justnow等。
2）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果；或表示從過去某一時刻開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動作；或表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
時間狀語多為表示到現(xiàn)在為止的這段時間。
since 1994, for three years, up until now, just,before等。此外，在用already,yet,just ,ever,never這類副詞做狀語時，?？捎矛F(xiàn)在完成時。
I saw him in1994.我在1994年看見他的。
I haven’t seen him since1994.我從1994年以后就再也沒有見過他了。
I saw him 3 yearsago.我三年前見過他。
I haven’t seen him for 3years.我已經(jīng)三年沒有見過他了。
He stayed at this hotel lastmonth.他上個月住過這家旅館。
Have you ever stayed at thishotel?你住過這家旅館嗎？
I went abroad lastyear.我去年出國了。
Up till now, I have never been abroadbefore.至今為止，我從沒出過國。
1. We _____ each other again since then. [ not see] have not seen
從那以后，我們再沒有見過對方。
2. I _____ in last night. [ am ] was
昨天晚上我在家。
3. I _____ much of him recently. [ not see ]have not seen
recently=these days
我最近沒見過他幾次。
4. The day before yesterday / Yesterday she _____for theU.K.[ leave ]left
U.K.= the United KindomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國。英國。
leave for離開去某地
前天她去了英國。
5. He _____ a good deal since he _____ here. [learn / come ] has learnt /came
自從他來這兒，他學(xué)到了很多東西。
課文內(nèi)容：
Captain Ben Fawcett has boughtanunusualtaxi and has begun anew service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a'PilatusPorter'. Thiswonderfulplanecan carry sevenpassengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that itcan land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flewfromBirminghamto a lonelyvillage in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett hasflown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roofof ablockof flats and onanother occasion, he landed inadesertedcar park. CaptainFawcett has just refused astrangerequestfrom abusinessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island intheAtlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did nottake him because the trip was too dangerous.
參考翻譯：
本.弗西特機(jī)長買了一輛不同尋常的出租汽車，并開始了一項新的業(yè)務(wù)。這輛“出租汽車”是一架小型瑞士飛機(jī)，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“號。這架奇妙的飛機(jī)可以載7名乘客。然而，最令人驚奇的是它能夠在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至剛耕過的田里。弗西特機(jī)長的第一名乘客是位醫(yī)生，他從伯明翰飛往威爾士山區(qū)一個偏僻的村莊。從那時開始，弗西特機(jī)長已經(jīng)載送乘客到過許多不尋常的地方。一次，他把飛機(jī)降落在了一棟公寓樓的屋頂上；還有一次，降落在了一個廢棄的停車場上。弗西特機(jī)長剛剛拒絕了一位商人的奇怪要求。這個人想要飛往大西洋上的一個孤島--羅卡爾島，弗西特機(jī)長之所以不送他去，是因?yàn)槟嵌物w行太危險了。
解析：
1.Captain Ben Fawcett has boughtanunusualtaxi and has begun anew service.
本.弗西特機(jī)長買了一輛不同尋常的出租汽車，并開始了一項新的業(yè)務(wù)。
captain機(jī)長（本文含義）
可指上尉，隊長，船長，連長，領(lǐng)班等。
service ['sə:vis]
1) n.服務(wù)，貢獻(xiàn)，幫助，功勞
socialservices社會福利事業(yè)
He did me a greatservice.他幫了我很大的忙。
2) n.供水，通訊等公共事業(yè)，業(yè)務(wù)，公共汽車的行駛，班次等。
a mail service / a postalservice郵政業(yè)務(wù)
the telephoneservice電話業(yè)務(wù)，電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)
Is there a good train service into thecity? 往市內(nèi)的火車班次方便嗎？
3) n.車輛，機(jī)器等定期的維修
When did you take your car forservice?你什么時候修的車？
after-saleservice售后服務(wù)
4) n.軍務(wù)，兵役
He was in the service for twoyears.他在服兩年兵役。
at a person’sservice隨時為某人服務(wù)
I’m at yourservice.我隨時為您效勞。
2.The 'taxi' is a small Swissaeroplane called a'PilatusPorter'.
這輛“出租汽車”是一架小型瑞士飛機(jī)，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“號。
Swiss adj.瑞士人的，瑞士的n.瑞士人（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）
Switzerland瑞士
called a‘PilatusPorter’
被叫做…的飛機(jī)
過去分詞短語作定語
3.Thiswonderfulplanecan carry sevenpassengers.
這架奇妙的飛機(jī)可以載七名乘客。
4. The most surprising thing about it, however, isthat it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughedfield.
然而，最令人驚奇的是它能夠在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至剛耕過的田里。
that引導(dǎo)表語從句。
anywhere任何地方somewhere某個地方nowhere沒有什么地方
ploughed過去分詞過定語。剛剛被耕過的。
5.Captain Fawcett's firstpassenger was a doctor who flewfromBirminghamto a lonelyvillage in the Welsh mountains.
弗西特機(jī)長的第一名乘客是位醫(yī)生，他從伯明翰飛往威爾士山區(qū)一個偏僻的村莊。
who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾醫(yī)生。
6.Since then, Captain Fawcetthas flown passengers to many unusual places.
從那時開始，弗西特機(jī)長已經(jīng)載送乘客到過許多不尋常的地方。
since then現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語。
fly-flew-flown
1) vi.鳥，飛機(jī)等飛
Look, we are flying overtheRocky Mountains.
看，我們在落基山脈上面飛行呢。
2) vt.駕駛飛機(jī)
It seems very difficult to fly ajumbo.駕駛大型噴氣式飛機(jī)看起來很難。
jumbo['dʒʌmbəu] 大型噴氣式飛機(jī)
3) Timeflies.光陰似箭。
soar [sɔ:] 急速升空，高飛
float [fləut] 漂浮
hover ['hɔvə] 盤旋
glide[ɡlaid] 滑行
skim [skim] 掠過
7.Once he landed on the roof ofablockof flats and on anotheroccasion, he landed inadesertedcarpark.
一次，他把飛機(jī)降落在了一棟公寓樓的屋頂上；還有一次，降落在了一個廢棄的停車場上。
once…on anotheroccasion一次……還有一次on one occasion…onanother occasion
occasion [ə'keiʒən]n.場合
on severaloccasions在幾次不同場合
in honor of theoccasion為表慶賀
on rareoccasions偶爾
I have met him on severaloccasions.我見過他幾次。
8.Captain Fawcett has justrefused a strangerequestfrom abusinessman.
弗西特機(jī)長剛剛拒絕了一位商人的奇怪要求。
refuse拒絕請求或給予某種東西
He refused myhelp.他拒絕了我的幫助。
He refused mypresent.他拒絕了我的禮物。
refuse to dosth拒絕做某事
He refused to helpme.他拒絕幫助我。
deny[di'nai] 否認(rèn)（一種指控），不承認(rèn)
He denied that he had stolen themoney.他否認(rèn)他偷了錢。
9.The man wanted to fly toRockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcettdid not take him because the trip was too dangerous.
這個人想要飛往大西洋上的一個孤島--羅卡爾島，弗西特機(jī)長之所以不送他去，是因?yàn)槟嵌物w行太危險了。
the AtlanticOcean大西洋
the PacificOcean太平洋
the ArticOcean北冰洋
the IndianOcean印度洋
難點(diǎn)：
bring / take / fetch
bring帶來，由某處帶來某物
take拿走，從某地或某人處帶走
fetch取來，去某地，取某物并帶回
He brought the book with him when he came to seeme.
他來看我的時候把書帶來了。
He took the book with him when he left.
他走的時候把書帶走了。
I asked him to go to my room and fetch myglasses.
我請他去我的房間取來我的眼鏡。
very / too
very很，非常
I arrived very late but I caught thetrain.
我到得很遲，但趕上了火車。
too太，過于
I arrived too late and I missed thetrain.
我到得太遲，誤了火車。
1. When you go to the kitchen, please _____ me aglass of water. [ fetch / bring ] bring
當(dāng)你到廚房的時候，請幫我拿一杯水。
2.The ball went over the fence and football playerasked a boy to _____ it. [ fetch / bring ] fetch
足球飛過了柵欄，運(yùn)動員叫小男孩去拿回來。
3. When I asked him he _____ to tell me. [ refused/ denied ] refused
當(dāng)我問他的時候他拒絕回答我。
4. Do you _____ that you have told me a lie? [deny / refuse ] deny
你否認(rèn)你說過謊嗎？
5.How are you? _____ well, thank you. [ too / very] very
你好嗎？很好，謝謝。
Exercises
1. This is the most surprising thing about it. Itis _____ than anything.
A. mostsurprisingB. moresurprisingC. moresurprisedD. mostsurprised
分析：看到than得知應(yīng)該找比較級，所以排除AD。Surprised主語應(yīng)為人，表示感到驚奇的。選B
2.The ploughed field is ready for ____.
A. sewingB.sowingC.seedingD. growing
分析：A.縫紉；C.結(jié)出種子，也有播種的意思，但作及物動詞，常與with搭配，如：seed the field withwheat; D.生長，長大，不符合題意。選B
耕好的田地是準(zhǔn)備來播種的。
3. It’s a lonely village. It is ______.
A. farB. farfrom anywhereC.aloneD. the only one
分析：選B。遠(yuǎn)離任何地方。A只表示遠(yuǎn)。C只表示單獨(dú)，并不孤獨(dú)。D含義不符。
4. I shall have a companion in the house after allthese years _____ .
A. singleB.soleC.aloneD. lonely
分析：single單個的，唯一的，常作表語和定語，不能做副詞用。Sole唯一的，詞義不符。alone獨(dú)自一人地，可做形容詞或副詞，符合句義和搭配。lonely孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的，尤指心情上，詞義和搭配都不符合。選C
諺語
1. A watched kettle never boils. / A watched potnever boils.
老是看壺水不開；心急水不開。凡是越焦急地等待反越覺得慢。
2. Actions speak louder than words. / Facts speaklouder than words.
行動比言語更為重要。事實(shí)勝于雄辯。少說多做。
